Міжнародні видання. Навчально-науковий інститут агротехнологій, селекції та екології

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https://dspace.pdau.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13

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Перегляд Міжнародні видання. Навчально-науковий інститут агротехнологій, селекції та екології за Автор "Chaika, T."

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  • Ескіз
    Публікація
    Adaptability of soybean under complex treatment with biopreparations of different nature in conditions of organic farming and hydrothermal stress
    (2025) Chaika, T.; Korotkova, I. V.; Короткова, Ірина Валентинівна; Pospielova, G. D.; Поспєлова, Ганна Дмитрівна; Kovalenko, N. P.; Коваленко, Нінель Павлівна; Liashenko, V. V.; Ляшенко, Віктор Васильович
    Background. In organic farming conditions and increasing hydrothermal stress, the use of biological preparations as effective tools for improving the adaptability of soybeans is becoming particularly relevant. The integrated application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and phytohormonal regulators allows activa¬ting the plant physiological and biochemical processes. This biotechnological approach provides mitigation of the negative impact of hydrothermal stresses and maintains crop productivity even under unfavorable growing conditions. Materials and Methods. The object of the study is the total chlorophyll content, leaf surface area, proline, and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, as well as the productivity of soybeans Khorol variety under unstable moisture conditions and influenced by rhizosphere microorganisms and various phytohormones in the composition of the biopreparations. Field, laboratory (physiological, biochemical), and statistical methods were used. Results. The use of biopreparations improved biochemical, physiological, and morphological properties, as well as soybean productivity, indicating an improved plant status. The highest levels of total Chl (a+b) content were recorded in 2023 under the combined application of Mycofriend, Profix, and Violar, showing an average increase of 42.3 % and 26.7 % compared to the control, respectively. The leaf area reached 29.24 thousand m²/ha, while the yield amounted to 3.23 t/ha, exceeding the control by 28.9 % and 47.5 %, respectively. The elevated proline content (7.27 mg/g) and a lower MDA level (7.14 mg/g) during stress reflect reduced oxidative damage and better osmoregulation due to the synergistic action of mycorrhiza, rhizobia, and phytohormones. Conclusion. The complex application of biopreparations (Mycofriend + Profix + Violar) in the organic cultivation system of the soybean Khorol variety promotes the activation of physiological and biochemical processes, increasing productivity and plant stress resistance under hydrothermal stress conditions.
  • Ескіз
    Публікація
    Microbial biostimulants enhance soybean yield and seed quality under hydrothermal stress in organic farming
    (2026-09-09) Chaika, T.; Короткова, Ірина Валентинівна; Korotkova, I. V.; Ляшенко, Віктор Васильович; Liashenko, V. V.; Рибальченко, Анна Михайлівна; Rybalchenko, A. M.; Міленко, Ольга Григорівна; Milenko, O. H.
    Background. In organic farming conditions under increasing frequency of hydro thermal stress, ensuring stable soybean yield and seed quality requires the use of bio logical preparations capable of activating plant adaptive mechanisms. The integrated application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and microbial biostimulants with phytohormonal activity may improve plant water status, reduce oxi dative damage, and enhance seed biochemical composition. However, the effects of such multicomponent systems on yield structure components, seed protein, oil, and nitrogen content under variable hydrothermal conditions remain insufficiently studied. Materials and Methods. Field experiments were conducted in 2022–2024 under organic farming conditions in the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine using the early maturing soybean cv. Khorol. Eight treatment variants were evaluated: control, Profix, Violar, Mycofriend, Profix + Violar, Mycofriend + Profix, Mycofriend + Violar, and Mycofriend + Profix + Violar. Seed protein and oil content were determined by NIR spectroscopy; relative water content (RWC), stomatal conductance (gs), abscisic acid (ABA), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were assessed at the BBCH 61 stage. Statistical analysis included one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s HSD test, Pearson correlation, and principal component analysis (PCA). Results. The highest yield (2.96–3.57 t/ha) and seed quality were recorded under the Mycofriend + Profix + Violar treatment across all years, exceeding the control by 40.6–59.1%. Seed protein content increased by up to 5.7 percentage points, and oil content reached 19.3 %. Yield gains were primarily driven by an increased number of seeds per plant (up to 130), while thousand-seed weight remained relatively sta ble. Under hydrothermal deficit in 2024, combined treatments maintained higher RWC (up to 91.9 %), lower MDA (-47.7 % vs. control), and reduced ABA accumulation, with strong correlations confirmed between RWC and yield (r = 0.92; P < 0.001) and between ABA and gs (r = -0.98; P < 0.001). Conclusion. The complex application of Mycofriend, Profix, and Violar in organic soybean cultivation consistently improved yield, seed nutritional quality, and physiologi cal stress tolerance across years with contrasting hydrothermal conditions. Stabilization of plant water status and limitation of oxidative damage were identified as key mecha nisms underlying productivity maintenance under drought.