Міжнародні видання. Навчально-науковий інститут агротехнологій, селекції та екології

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Effect of Fertigation with Urea-Ammonium Nitrate on the Seed Yield of Maize Maternal Lines
(2026-02-27) Marenych, M. M.; Маренич, Микола Миколайович; Koba, K.; Hanhur, V. V.; Гангур, Володимир Васильович; Semenov, A. O.; Семенов, Анатолій Олексійович; Len, O. I.; Лень, Олександр Іванович; Yeremko, L. S.; Єремко, Людмила Сергіївна; Bahan, A. V.; Баган, Алла Василівна; Yurchenko, S. O.; Юрченко, Світлана Олександрівна; Yeleussinov, B.
Fertilisation plays a crucial role in managing corn yields. Research conducted in 2021 − 2023 in the Central Forest-Steppe of ukraine under unstable moisture conditions demonstrated the positive impact of urea-ammonia mixture (uan) on the yield and sowing properties of maize maternal lines seeds across different maturity groups (P6/240, P5/320, P4/440). Applying 80 L/ha of UAN during the V10 (ВВСН 20) phase increased seed yield by 10.6 − 11.9% compared to the control. The highest seed yield was achieved with 120 L/ha of UAN, resulting in increases of 22.5% for P6/240, 21.3% for P5/320, and 16.4% for P4/440. however, increasing the uan dose to 160 l/ha led to a slight decrease in yield for lines P5/320 and P6/240. Statistical analysis confirmed that fertilisers significantly influenced seed yield, accounting for 37% of the yield variance, with the genetic characteristics of the maternal lines contributing 34%. The positive effect of liquid nitrogen fertilisers on the 1,000-seed weight varied from 3.4% to 21.8%, depending on lines genetics and fertiliser dose.
Вплив густоти рослин на біометричні параметри та продуктивність гібридів кукурудзи в умовах Лівобережного Лісостепу України
(2025) Гангур, Володимир Васильович; Єремко, Людмила Сергіївна; Кирлиця, А.О.
Кукурудза є однією з найпродуктивніших і універсальних культур, важливою для харчових, технічних і енергетичних потреб, а її значення зростає в умовах кліматичних змін, що зумовлює потребу в удосконаленні технологій вирощування. Проблема дослідження полягає в недостатній адаптації густоти стояння кукурудзи до біологічних особливостей гібридів та агрокліматичних умов, що призводить до порушення балансу між площею живлення, використанням світла, вологи й поживних речовин. Це зумовлює посилення внутрішньовидової конкуренції, зниження життєздатності рослин, зменшення біомаси та врожайності зерна. Матеріали і методи. Дослідження проводили впродовж 2021–2022 рр., на дослідному полі Полтавської державної сільськогосподарської дослідної станції ім. М.І. Вавилова ІС і АПВ НААН України. Кліматичні і грунтові умови місця проведення досліджень цілком відповідають біологічним вимогам кукурудзи. Результати. Виявлено, що висота рослин кукурудзи суттєво залежить від густоти стеблостою, причому максимальні значення фіксувалися за середніх рівнів щільності. Реакція гібридів на зміну густоти є сортоспецифічною: ранньостиглі сорти чутливіші, тоді як середньостиглі проявляють більшу стабільність морфологічних ознак. Оптимальна густота сприяє формуванню максимальної врожайності, яка вищою була у гібридів з тривалішим вегетаційним періодом. Встановлено, що висота і врожайність кукурудзи залежать від сортових особливостей і густоти стояння. Оптимальні показники спостерігалися за щільності 50–60 тис. рослин/га, а для гібриду ДН Меотида – 65 тис./га. Найвищу продуктивність забезпечив середньостиглий ДК Бурштин, що підтверджує перевагу гібридів з тривалішим вегетаційним періодом.
Role of Environmental Factors in Legume-Rhizobium Symbiosis: A Review
(2025) Yeremko, L. S.; Єремко, Людмила Сергіївна; Czopek, K.; Staniak, M.; Marenych, M. M.; Маренич, Микола Миколайович; Hanhur, V. V.; Гангур, Володимир Васильович
Legumes play a pivotal role in addressing global challenges of food and nutrition security by offering a sustainable source of protein and bioactive compounds. The capacity of legumes to establish symbiotic relationships with rhizobia bacteria enables biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), reducing the dependence on chemical fertilizers while enhancing soil health. However, the efficiency of this symbiosis is significantly influenced by environmental factors, such as soil acidity, salinity, temperature, moisture content, light intensity, and nutrient availability. These factors affect key processes, including rhizobia survival, nodule formation, and nitrogenase activity, ultimately determining the growth and productivity of legumes. This review summarizes current knowledge on legume-rhizobia interactions under varying abiotic conditions. It highlights the impact of salinity and acidity in limiting nodule development, soil temperature in regulating microbial community dynamics, and moisture availability in modulating metabolic and hormonal responses during drought and waterlogging. Moreover, the role of essential nutrients, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements such as iron, molybdenum, and boron, in optimizing symbiosis is critically analyzed.
Effectiveness of urea-ammonia mixtures for ertilisation of maize (zeamays l.) mother plants under conditions of unstable moisture
(2026-02-23) Marenych, M. M.; Маренич, Микола Миколайович; Koba, K.; Hanhur, V. V.; Гангур, Володимир Васильович; Semenov, A. O.; Семенов, Анатолій Олексійович; Len, O. I.; Лень, Олександр Іванович; Yeremko, L. S.; Єремко, Людмила Сергіївна; Bahan, A. V.; Баган, Алла Василівна; Yurchenko, S. O.; Юрченко, Світлана Олександрівна; Yeleussinov, B.
Studies in 2021-2023 under conditions of unstable moisture in the Central Forest-Steppe of Ukraine revealed a positive effect of urea-ammonia mixture (UAN) on the yield and sowing properties of seeds of maternal lines of maize hybrids of different maturity groups (P6/240, P5/320, P4/440). Based on the research results, it was found that the application of 80 l/ha of UAN in the V10 phase increased seed yield by 10.6-11.9% compared to the control. The highest level of seed yield of the maternal line of the early-ripening hybrid P6/240 (6.16 t/ha) by 22.5%, the mid ripening hybrid P5/320 (6.20 t/ha) by 21.3%, the late-ripening hybrid P4/440 (6.80 t/ha) by 16.4% and its maximum increase compared to the control was observed in the variant with the introduction of urea-ammonia mixture (UAN) at a dose of 120 l/ha. The subsequent increase in the dose of UAN to 160 l/ha was not effective, as the level of seed yield decreased in the hybrid P5/320 by 0.5%, P6/240 - by 3.9%. Statistical processing of the experimental data using the method of analysis of variance confirms the significant influence of fertilisers on the formation of seed yields of maize hybrids, which account for 37%. According to the experimental data, the positive effect of applying different doses of liquid nitrogen fertilisers on the weight of 1000 seeds, depending on the genetic characteristics of the hybrids and the dose of fertilisers, was noted to be 3.4-21.8%.
Financial and economic management of the efficiency of energy crop production in the system of smart technological development of labor resources
(2026-02-19) Lutkovska, S.; Martyn. O.; Калініченко, Олександр Володимирович; Kalinichenko, O.; Кулик, Максим Іванович; Kulyk, M. I.; Prokopenko, O.; Лесюк, Владислав Станіславович; Lesiuk, V.; Лесюк, Альона Станіславівна; Lesiuk, A.
The article presents the author's concept of integrated financial and economic management of energy crop production using the example of growing fireweed in the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine. The study is based on comprehensive monitoring of the agro-technological cycle, the dynamics of biomass indicators, economic feasibility and energy efficiency in the context of innovation challenges. For the first time, the feasibility of combining adaptive agricultural technologies with elements of smart analysis of labor and material resource productivity has been substantiated, which allows not only to increase yield, but also to optimize costs at all stages of the production process. The results demonstrate that the most effective is the spring sowing strategy, which provides the highest level of profitability and the greatest energy profit. The proposed network model allows structuring technological operations in the form of a logistical sequence taking into account calendar periods and resource provision, which is key for planning the load on personnel. The author's methodology for assessing energy efficiency shows that the energy efficiency coefficient indicates an average level of technological feasibility of the selected model. Thus, the presented system is a unique multidimensional platform for managing energy agricultural production, which can be integrated into strategies for sustainable development of rural areas through the prism of technological transformation of labor resources.
Adaptive properties of plants and yield of energy crops under different growing conditions: A case study from Ukraine
(2026-02-19) Kaletnik, G.; Кулик, Максим Іванович; Kulyk, M. I.; Pryshliak, N.; Дьомін, Дмитро Геннадійович; D’omin, D.; Rozhko, І.
In Ukraine, balancing agricultural efficiency, food security, and energy development is crucial. Energy crops of fer a sustainable raw material due to their adaptability and high biomass yields, supporting biofuel production and value-added products like bioplastics and paper. However, the war has severely degraded agricultural land, necessitating reclamation efforts to restore productivity and enhance bioenergy potential. A five-year field study (2019–2023) in Ukraine’s forest-steppe and steppe zones assessed energy crop yields on marginal lands. Research methods included field studies, gravimetric biomass analysis, data visualization, and statistical analysis (ANOVA, LSD at 5% significance). Findings showed that drooping sorghum and perennial sorghum exhibited the highest drought resistance, while switchgrass and drooping sorghum demonstrated the best frost resistance. Drooping sorghum also had the greatest lodging resistance, whereas switchgrass and perennial sorghum were more prone to lodging, particularly in the forest-steppe, suggesting a correlation with precipitation levels. The vegetation pe riod varied by region, influenced by plant biology and environmental factors. In the Steppe, it lasted 170.6–192.0 days, with drooping sorghum having the longest cycle. In the forest-steppe, it ranged from 170.3 to 181.3 days, with switchgrass exhibiting the longest duration. Biomass yields were higher in the steppe (7.8–11.2 t/ha) than in the forest-steppe (7.4–10.4 t/ha). Over four years, switchgrass and perennial sorghum achieved the highest total biomass yields: 56.0 t/ha and 53.6 t/ha in the steppe, and 51.9 t/ha and 51.7 t/ha in the forest-steppe, respectively. Drooping sorghum produced 46.1 t/ha (steppe) and 39.9 t/ha (forest-steppe), while big bluestem had the lowest yield (39.1 t/ha and 36.9 t/ha). Switchgrass and perennial sorghum proved to be the most productive and adaptable energy crops. Their stable biomass production makes them promising candidates for biofuel manufacturing. Future research will explore strategies to enhance yields, particularly through spring foliar fertilization on marginal lands.
Assessment of the soil microbial community under energy crops (Panicum Virgatum L. and Miscanthus x Giganteus): a case study in Ukraine
(2026-02-19) Тараненко, Анна Олексіївна; Taranenko, A. O.; Тараненко, Сергій Володимирович; Taranenko, S. V.; Кулик, Максим Іванович; Kulyk, M. I.; Rytchenko, A.; Teteriuk, R.
Bioenergy crops are a promising alternative for energy production. They can be grown on inac cessible, degraded, marginal land that is not economically viable for traditional agriculture. At the same time, a broader evaluation of the environmental and ecological impact of energy crop cultiva tion on land is needed. There are still knowledge gaps regarding the mechanisms underlying soil carbon accumulation, especially concerning the involvement of the soil microbiome in facilitating these processes during energy crop cultivation. The present study determined the main ecotrophic and taxonomic groups of soil microbial communities and the direction of soil microbiological proc esses under Panicum virgatum L. and Miscanthus giganteus growth. Research results showed an initial impact of energy crop growth on soil microbial communities in the soil-climatic conditions of Ukrainian forest-steppe zones. Soils under energy crops are characterized by the highest abundanc es of the investigated ecological and trophic microbial groups (by 1.2–3 times) compared to control (soil under grassland). The coeffi cients of microbiological processes determine the high potential for increasing soil fertility under energy crop cultivation. Statistical analysis of the results con f i rmed a medium and strong correlation between soil microbiological parameters and soil organic carbon content during energy crop growth. Therefore, energy crops can act as ecosystem engineers, improving soil biological and chemical properties and supporting soil ecosystem sustainability.
Impact of Organic Cultivation Technology of Fiber Hemp (Cannabis Sativa L.) on Soil Agrochemical and Bioecological Properties
(2026-02-18) Пилипченко, Андрій Васильович; Pylypchenko, A. V.; Маренич, Микола Миколайович; Marenych, M. M.; Гангур, Володимир Васильович; Hanhur, V. V.; Семенов, Анатолій Олексійович; Semenov, A. O.; Короткова, Ірина Валентинівна; Korotkova, I. V.; Rozhkov, A.; Karpuk, L.; Ласло, Оксана Олександрівна; Laslo, O. O.; Марініч, Любов Григорівна; Marinich, L. H.; Ponomarenko, S.
Research into the correlations among components of soil biota is of significant importance for effective management of agroecosystems in organic agricultural production. Organic cultivation technologies contribute to increased nitrogen and phosphorus content in the soil, while reducing levels of P2O5 and K2O compared to inorganic methods. The influence of organic residue decomposers on macroelement composition in the soil has been examined, revealing a minimal impact on their levels. Organic technologies promote an augmentation of microorganisms, although there is a potential risk of heightened disease pathogens. It has been observed that under organic cultivation conditions, there is more intense tissue degradation, potentially attributed to higher microorganism activity. Transitional cultivation methods yield lower rates of degradation in comparison to organic techniques. The impact of organic technologies on the quantity of earthworms, nematodes, and springtails in the soil has been investigated. Organic practices have shown to increase their population, creating a favorable environment for soil biological indicators. Particular attention is given to correlation relationships between microorganisms responsible for nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation and the fungal component. High correlation values (r = 0.72–0.89) underscore the significance of comprehending these associations when employing organic cultivation methods. The study of correlations among soil biota components in organic production presents a promising task for the effective utilization of resources and the assurance of sustainable agroecosystem development.
Dynamics of nutrients in the soil and spring barley yield depending on the rates of mineral fertilizers
(2026-02-18) Гангур, Володимир Васильович; Hanhur, V. V.; Маренич, Микола Миколайович; Marenych, M. M.; Короткова, Ірина Валентинівна; Korotkova, I. V.; Gamayunova, V.; Лень, Олександр Іванович; Len, O. I.; Марініч, Любов Григорівна; Marinich, L. H.; Олепір, Роман Вікторович; Olepir, R. V.
The study aim was to evaluate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium efficiency from different mineral fertilizers applied to soil at the spring barley cultivation. The impact of fertilization systems with different doses and ratios of nutrients (P45K30, N45; N23P23K15; N45P45K30; N68P68K45) on the spring barley yield from 3-years of experiments in the Poltava (Ukraine) was analyzed. The study of doses and forms of mineral fertilizers influence on the main elements content of plant nutrition at all stages of spring barley organogenesis was carried out in the soil layer of 0–20 cm and at a depth of 20–40 cm. It was found the application of fertilizers with increased nutrients content at sowing provide an increase in their content in the soil compared to the control. The highest effect was observed when the fertilizers at a dose of N68P68K45 was used. An increase in nitrogen content in the first stage of organogenesis (ВВСН 01–02) in the soil layer of 0-20 cm was 17.6%, phosphorus 35.4%, potassium 19.8% compared to control. In the deeper layer of soil 20–40 cm, the content of these elements was much lower. A significant decrease of nutrients content in the soil was observed between stages III–XII of organogenesis, but no external signs of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium deficiency were detected in spring barley plants. The application of N68P68K45 kg ha-1 of active substance and full protection crops from pests, diseases and weeds resulted in the highest grain yield of spring barley 5.27 t ha-1.
Variability of soybean varieties in terms of yield components and yield in the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Right-Bank Ukraine
(2026-01-18) Mazur, O.; Mazur, O.; Zayka, K.; Didur, I.; Biliavska, L. H.; Білявська, Людмила Григорівна; Tsyhanskyi, V.; Verheles, P.
The article presents the results of long-term studies of soybean variety variability in terms of valuable economic traits (yield components) and yield under different hydrothermal growing conditions. Varieties that ensured high stability of yield components were identified using mathematical and statistical analysis methods. The highest repeatability coefficients for the number of productive nodes were observed in the Desna variety – 0.82, with a coefficient of variation of 12.7% and 16.1 productive nodes; in the Bilyavka variety – 0.81, with a coefficient of variation of 12.4% with an average value of 16.7 units. The variability of the yield level during the years of research was high, with the repeatability coefficient ranging from 0.55 to 0.75, which is quite natural given the large number of formative traits that contribute to its determination. The highest repeatability coefficients were observed in the varieties Femida – 0.75, coefficient of variation – 10.7%, and yield – 1.88 t/ha; Amethyst – 0.73, coefficient of variation – 11.4%, yield – 1.88 t/ha; Vezha – 0.72, coefficient of variation – 11.4%, yield – 1.89 t/ha. It should be noted that these varieties were distinguished by high values of repeatability coefficients for the weight of 1.000 seeds, in particular, Femida – 0.91, Ametist – 0.93, Vezha – 0.80; as well as for the number of productive nodes, pods, and seeds: Femida – 0.69; 0.52 and 0.55, and Vezha – 0.68; 0.56 and 0.57, respectively. Thus, ensuring a stable level of soybean yield is determined by the formation of stable indicators of the elements of the soybean yield structure of each variety in particular.
The influence of irrigation and seeding rates on the yield of female components lines of corn in conditions of unstable moisture in Ukraine
(2025-12-03) Маренич, Микола Миколайович; Marenych, M. M.; Koba, K. V.; Гангур, Володимир Васильович; Hanhur, V. V.; Юрченко, Світлана Олександрівна; Yurchenko, S. O.; Шакалій, Світлана Миколаївна; Shakalii, S. M.; Баган, Алла Василівна; Bahan, A. V.; Четверик, Оксана Олександрівна; Chetveryk, O. O.; Рибальченко, Анна Михайлівна; Rybalchenko, A. M.
In regions with insufficient rainfall or different climates, the use of irrigation systems is an important element of corn growing technology. The variation in corn yield on non-irrigated lands is 533% and 200% greater than on irrigated lands. Corn yield also depends heavily on sowing density. The optimal plant density is an unstable value. Field studies were conducted in conditions of unstable moisture in the central part of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, which according to agro-climatic zoning belongs to the zone of unstable moisture. The experimental design included: assessment of the characteristics of weather conditions during the years of research (2021–2023) and their impact on seed yield (factor A); determination of seed productivity of female components linesof hybrids of different maturity groups P4/440, P5/320, P6/240 (factor B); the impact of growing hybrids with and without irrigation (factor C); the effect of different seeding rates on seed yield (60, 70, 80, 90 thousand seeds per ha-1) (factor D). The test results show that during the change in corn productivity depending on genetic properties, seeding rate and irrigation, the late-ripening hybrid P4/440 was characterized by the highest grain yield when grown under irrigation, with a seeding rate of 90 thousand similar seeds per ha-1 a decrease in the seeding rate from 90 to 80, 70, 60 seeding rate thousand seeds ha-1 was accompanied by a decrease in the yield of seeds of female components lines: in the early-ripening hybrid P6/240 - by 0.31, 0.63 and 1.10 t ha-1 or 5.7, 11.5 and 20.1%, in the mid-ripening hybrid P5/320 - by 0.59, 1.08 and 1.42 t ha-1 or 9.8, 17.9 and 23.5%, in the late-ripening hybrid P4/440 - by 0.39, 0.74 and 1.28 t ha-1 or 6.0, 11.4, 19.8%. The greatest influence on the formation of yield is the irrigation factor - 53%. Genetic properties influenced 28%. gradual increase in the yield of seeds of female components lines of culture when increasing the seeding rate from 60 to 70 thousand seeds ha-1 (by 0.01 t ha-1) and reaching a maximum at a rate of 80 thousand seeds ha-1 (by 0.05 t ha-1). But with an increase in the seeding rate to 90 thousand ha-1, the seed yield sharply decreased by 0.13 t ha-1. The highest yield in variants without irrigation was observed when using the minimum seeding rate - 60 thousand seeds ha-1. A gradual increase in the seeding rate without irrigation led to a negative result, in particular, a decrease in the average yield for corn hybrids by 0.07–0.31 t ha-1 or 1.8–7.9%. Hybrids reacted differently to the seeding rate and cultivation on rainfed and irrigated land. Early ripening hybrid P6/240, mid-ripening P5/320 and late-ripening P4/440 hybrids formed the highest seed yield when grown under irrigation with a seeding rate of 90 thousand seeds ha-1. When grown without irrigation, the best conditions for the formation of plant components and high yield were noted at the lowest seeding rate of 60 thousand seeds ha-1. The minimum seeding rate ensured the production of seeds with a high mass of 1,000 seeds.
Покращення якісних характеристик хлібобулочних виробів за використання рослинної сировини, зокрема нутового борошна
(2025-11-03) Бараболя, Ольга Валеріївна
Поглиблення екологічних проблем на планеті, безперервне зростання чисельності населення та збільшення попиту на продовольство, зокрема на продукти харчування, актуалізують потребу у розширенні асортименту якісних та конкурентоспроможних виробів з високими споживчими характеристиками. У цьому контексті хліб залишається незамінним елементом щоденного харчування значної частини людства, що зумовлює необхідність удосконалення його рецептур із урахуванням сучасних вимог щодо збагачення органічними поживними компонентами. За умов підвищеного впливу несприятливих факторів довкілля на організм людини знижується його адаптаційна здатність та порушуються механізми саморегуляції, що в результаті може спричиняти дисфункції окремих органів і систем. Враховуючи значну присутність хлібобулочних виробів у раціоні сучасної людини, доцільною є модифікація їхнього складу. Це дозволяє створювати функціональні продукти харчування, які відповідають актуальним потребам споживачів.
System of protection of winter wheat sowing from segetal and ruderal vegetation
(2025-06-23) Laslo, O. O.; Ласло, Оксана Олександрівна; Onipko, V. V.; Оніпко, Валентина Володимирівна; Hordieieva, O. F; Гордєєва, Олена Федорівна
The paper examines the question of comparing the effectiveness of the use of autumn and spring application of herbicides in the cultivation of winter wheat. The work confirms the research of scientists on the issue of applying herbicides in the autumn period, which affects their effectiveness, since the dependence on temperature and conditions decreases, and the moisture reserve in the soil affects the effectiveness of pesticides. During the research, it was established that in the autumn after sowing winter wheat, favorable conditions for the development of seedlings and segetal vegetation are created, the effectiveness of early spring feeding of winter wheat with nitrogen fertilizers decreases, since most of them are used by weeds, due to which they become more resistant to herbicides. Research has established that the use of herbicides in the fall helps to increase the yield of wheat by 30 % compared to the early spring application, which indicates the perspective of the application of drugs in the fall. The use of herbicides to protect winter wheat crops from weeds in different periods affected the number of productive stalks, so in the experimental variants their number increased by 22 pieces/m2 compared to the control, which determined the increase in productivity and yield increase, so in the variants with the use of Prima Forte resulted in an increase in yield of 9.1 t/ha, while the option with a mixture of herbicides Logran 75 WG+Pik – 8.6 t/ha. Greater effectiveness of chemical protection is noted for the autumn application of herbicides, however, we recommend combining the protection system, since the weather conditions of the research years can contribute to the effectiveness of spring herbicide protection. We recommend taking into account the agro-climatic conditions of the year when growing crops in order to adjust the protection system against segetal and ruderal vegetation.
Possibility of obtaining hyaluronic acid from cyanobacteria
(2025-06-13) Kozlovs’ka, T.; Malovanyy, M.; Nykyforov, V.; Novokhatko, O.; Liuta, O.; Tymchuk, I.; Onipko, V. V.; Оніпко, Валентина Володимирівна
The results of studies on the possible producing valuable substances from cyanobacterial biomass are presented. It is shown that the main source of hyaluronic acid is the cyanobacteria from surface waters known as Microcystis aeruginosa and cyanobacterial associations of actinomycetes. The possibility of hyaluronic acid extraction has been experimentally proven. The dynamics of its quantitative characteristics were determined.
Adaptive Value of Soybean Varieties by the Seed Quality Parameters
(2025-06-12) Mazur, O.; Kupchuk, I.; Voloshyna, O.; Mazur, O.; Biliavska, L.; Білявська, Людмила Григорівна; Poltoretskiy, S.
Production requires highly adaptive varieties that have a high level of genetic protection of the crop from biotic and abiotic factors of the environment and can maximally realize the potential of the crop in combination with high-quality seeds. The article presents the results of studies on the assessment of soybean varieties by the adaptability of qualitative characteristics in different soil and climatic conditions in terms of the years of research according to the content and output of oil and protein, as well as the intensity of oil and protein formation in soybean seeds. The adaptability of soybean seed quality of the studied varieties was determined by the Eberhard and Russell method. According to the research results, the highest oil content in the seed was observed in the following varieties: Hoverla (22.2%), Artemida (21.1%), and Zolotysta (20.7%), and the highest protein content was recorded in Artemida (39.2%) and Zolotysta (39.3%). It should be noted that the indicated varieties are conservative (bi <1) by the response to changes in the hydrothermal regime, except for Hoverla, which is highly plastic (bi >1) in terms of oil content in the seeds. These varieties have the highest indicators of agronomic stability (As) in terms of protein content in seeds: 99.2; 99.0%, as well as the sequence of distribution of varieties according to homeostaticity of the first (Nom1) and second (Nom2) types: Artemida – 131.4 and 109.5; Zolotysta – 99.2 and 62.0. The highest output of oil and protein from seeds was recorded in Hoverla – 0.48 and 0.805 t.ha-1, Artemida – 0.43 and 0.803 t.ha-1, which belong to highly plastic varieties by the response to the improvement of the agro-background of cultivation, the variance of stability (Si2) in which is as close to zero as possible. The combination of high yield of oil and protein became possible due to the high productivity of Hoverla, as for Artemida, these traits are at the level of above mean values. The highest intensity of oil and protein formation in seeds was observed in Hoverla– 4.25 and 7.12, Artemida – 3.8 and 7.06, Amethyst – 3.43 and 6.72 kg.ha-1 per day, which belong to highly plastic varieties (bi >1), and the stability variance (Si2) in which is as close to zero as possible
Вплив мінеральних добрив на показники врожаю льону олійного
(2024) Шакалій, Світлана Миколаївна; Четверик, Оксана Олександрівна; Баган, Алла Василівна; Криволап, Є. О.
На чорноземних ґрунтах визначено оптимальний термін та спосіб внесення мінеральних добрив під льон олійний на тлі різного ступеня забезпеченості ґрунту рухомим фосфором; встановлена оптимальна доза добрив для застосування під льон; рекомендовано мікробіологічний препарат для допосівної інокуляції насіння та його використання спільно з мінеральними добривами для підвищення врожайності та олійності льону; проведено економічну оцінку застосування агрохімікатів при вирощуванні льону. Рекомендовано для господарства кращий варіант мінерального живлення та мікробіологічного препарата для отримання більшої врожайності льону олійного. При обробітку льону олійного на чорноземі звичайному з дуже низькою безпечністю грунту рухомим фосфором і високою обмінним калієм по Мачигіну для досягнення врожайності олійного насіння 1,96 т/га азотно-фосфорні добрива доцільно застосовувати при посіві в дозі N30P30.
Formation of grain yield in corn hybrids of different FAO groups depending on sowing dates and plant density
(2024) Shakalii, S. M.; Bahan, A. V.; Yurchenko, S. O.; Marenych, M. M.; Liashenko, V. V.; Chetveryk, O. O.; Shokalo, N. S.; Zubenko, V. V.; Шакалій, Світлана Миколаївна; Баган, Алла Василівна; Юрченко, Світлана Олександрівна; Маренич, Микола Миколайович; Ляшенко, Віктор Васильович; Четверик, Оксана Олександрівна; Шокало, Наталія Сергіївна; Зубенко, В. В.
Formation of productivity of any agricultural crop depends on many factors. First of all, the soil and climatic conditions of the crop growing area, varietal or hybrid composition, seed quality, sowing dates and plant density, and strict adherence to all methods of cultivation technology are important. Corn hybrids of different maturity groups differ in morphological and biological properties. Thus, obtaining the potential yield of an individual genotype is possible under favorable conditions for the growth and development of plants, including high-variety agricultural machinery and natural conditions. The maximum yield of high-quality corn grain is formed under the condition of the optimal ratio of all structural elements: weight of 1,000 grains, number of rows of grains in an ear, number of grains in a row, number of grains on one ear, length and diameter of an ear. If one structural element is insufficiently developed, the yield can be compensated by other components. Since individual elements of the structure are formed at different stages of organogenesis, different conditions are necessary for their successful development. The hybrids used in our research revealed peculiarities in the formation of elements of the crop structure, depending on the timing of sowing and stand density. The sizes of the cobs that formed on the corn plants varied little under the influence of sowing dates and plant stand density, but were characteristic of a certain biotype. Studies have shown that all factors of the experiment affect the growth, development of plants and the formation of elements of the structure of the corn grain crop. According to the results of the measurements, it was established that the best indicators of all structural elements were observed for sowing hybrids of different maturity groups in the optimal period - the third decade of April. The highest values of all indicators were observed in the Olkani hybrid, which is explained by the genotypic features of this hybrid.
Assessment of landfills and their impact on the soil: a local study in Ukraine
(2024) Pysarenko, P. V.; Samoilik, M. S.; Pysarenko, V. M.; Mostoviak, I.; Taranenko, A. O.; Taranenko, S. V.; Dychenko, O. Yu.; Lastovka, V.; Husinsky, D.; Писаренко, Павло Вікторович; Самойлік, Марина Сергіївна; Писаренко, Віктор Микитович; Мостов'як, І. І.; Тараненко, Анна Олексіївна; Тараненко, Сергій Володимирович; Диченко, Оксана Юріївна; Ластовка, В.; Гусинський, Д.
Landfills are widely utilised for waste disposal due to their economic advantages and ease of implementation compared to alternative methods. However, landfills exert significant environmental and health impacts on adjacent agricultural land. Accumulation of heavy metals in soil is a risk to ecological and food safety. Methodological approaches to assess and mitigate the impact of landfills on agricultural land are essential for ensuring sustainable land use practices and safeguarding human health. In this study, landfills were assessed at the local level, and the hazard level was classified according to it. A set of priority measures for restoring technogenic disturbed areas and minimising their impact on agricultural land was determined. The need to select a set of innovative, ecologically oriented methods for remediation of landfills, depending on the type and degree of soil contamination, was identified in context of ensuring environmental and food security.
The effect of humic growth stimulants on the productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties
(2024) Bahan, A. V.; Shakalii, S. M.; Yurchenko, S. O.; Marenych, M. M.; Mykhailenko, H. H.; Баган, Алла Василівна; Шакалій, Світлана Миколаївна; Юрченко, Світлана Олександрівна; Маренич, Микола Миколайович; Михайленко, Галина Григорівна
In organic farming, the use of plant growth biostimulants in crop cultivation technologies, including chickpea, has become widespread. The purpose of this study: to investigate the manifestation of productivity elements and the yield of chickpea varieties depending on the treatment with an organic growth stimulator. The study employed the following methods: field – to determine the level of yield, laboratory – to investigate the elements of productivity of chickpea, and statistical – to assess the reliability of experimental studies. By treatment options, the complex application of the product during pre-sowing seed treatment and foliar feeding of plants during the growing season was distinguished. The effect of organic growth stimulant on the increase of productivity elements of chickpea in this variant of the experiment was noted by an average of 10.0%. The greatest effect of the preparation was found in the complex treatment of seeds and plants of common chickpea in terms of seed weight per plant (24.0%). They were identified by the influence of varietal properties on the productivity elements of common chickpea varieties Triumf and Pamiat. The Pamiat variety with the seed treatment + foliar dressing variant was the best in terms of chickpea yield, but the Triumf variety had the greatest effect of the growth stimulator on the yield increase. Close correlations were found between seed weight per plant and thousand-kernel weight, number of beans per plant and number of seeds per plant, and yield with plant productivity and thousand-kernel weight. The findings of the study are recommended to be used to adjust the elements of chickpea cultivation technology to increase productivity in production conditions.
Application of SSR markers for assessment of genetic similarity and genotype identification in local winter wheat breeding program
(2024) Batashova, M. Ye.; Kryvoruchko, L. M.; Makaova-Melamud, B.; Tyshchenko, V. M.; Spanoghe, M.; Криворучко, Людмила Михайлівна; Тищенко, Володимир Миколайович
Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers are widely used for genetic analysis in plant breeding, allowing for the investigation of genetic divergence and similarity of genotypes, identification of unique alleles and determination of levels of genetic diversity.

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