Навчально-науковий інститут агротехнологій, селекції та екології
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Browsing Навчально-науковий інститут агротехнологій, селекції та екології by Subject "abiotic stress"
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Publication Physiological response of soybean to cold stress during the germination stage(2026-03-02) Staniak, M.; Stępień-Warda, A.; Єремко, Людмила Сергіївна; Yeremko, L. S.This article examines the physiological and biochemical transformations in soybean (Glycine max L.) seeds and seedlings under the influence of low-temperature stress during germination. The author explores how cold stress affects seed imbibition, enzymatic activity, and the mobilization of storage reserves required for heterotrophic growth. The research highlights key physiological responses, such as changes in cell membrane permeability, increased electrolyte leakage, and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Special attention is given to the role of the antioxidant defense system and the accumulation of cryoprotectants, such as soluble sugars and proline, in mitigating chilling injury. The study concludes that the germination stage is a critical window where cold stress can lead to reduced field emergence and uneven plant stands, emphasizing the need for selecting cold-tolerant genotypes and using protective seed treatments to ensure stable crop establishment in temperate climates.Publication Role of Environmental Factors in Legume-Rhizobium Symbiosis: A Review(2025) Yeremko, L. S.; Єремко, Людмила Сергіївна; Czopek, K.; Staniak, M.; Marenych, M. M.; Маренич, Микола Миколайович; Hanhur, V. V.; Гангур, Володимир ВасильовичLegumes play a pivotal role in addressing global challenges of food and nutrition security by offering a sustainable source of protein and bioactive compounds. The capacity of legumes to establish symbiotic relationships with rhizobia bacteria enables biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), reducing the dependence on chemical fertilizers while enhancing soil health. However, the efficiency of this symbiosis is significantly influenced by environmental factors, such as soil acidity, salinity, temperature, moisture content, light intensity, and nutrient availability. These factors affect key processes, including rhizobia survival, nodule formation, and nitrogenase activity, ultimately determining the growth and productivity of legumes. This review summarizes current knowledge on legume-rhizobia interactions under varying abiotic conditions. It highlights the impact of salinity and acidity in limiting nodule development, soil temperature in regulating microbial community dynamics, and moisture availability in modulating metabolic and hormonal responses during drought and waterlogging. Moreover, the role of essential nutrients, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements such as iron, molybdenum, and boron, in optimizing symbiosis is critically analyzed.Publication Soybean response to cold stress during the flowering based on physiological indicators(2026-03-02) Staniak, M.; Czopek, K.; Єремко, Людмила Сергіївна; Yeremko, L. S.The article investigates the physiological and biochemical responses of soybean (Glycine max L.) to low-temperature stress during the critical flowering stage. The author analyzes how cold stress disrupts pollen viability, fertilization processes, and overall reproductive success, leading to significant yield losses. The research focuses on key physiological indicators, including changes in chlorophyll fluorescence, membrane lipid peroxidation (MDA levels), and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD). It was established that cold-tolerant genotypes exhibit a higher capacity for osmotic adjustment and maintain more stable photosynthetic rates under thermal stress. The study substantiates the importance of monitoring these physiological markers to evaluate soybean resilience and provides a basis for breeding programs aimed at developing varieties better adapted to unpredictable temperature fluctuations during the generative phase.