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Документ Leon Tsenkovsky (1822–1887): New Archival Sources for the Biography of an Outstanding Scientist(2026) Lebid, A.; Zhvanko, L. M.; Kibkalo, D.; Жванко, Любов МиколаївнаThe figure of Leon Tsenkovsky (1822–1887), an outstanding Polish scientist of international renown in the field of biological sciences, warrants further study and examination of newly identified historical sources, as he exemplifies how a scientist can reach the pinnacle of scientific knowledge despite adverse circumstances. The article focuses on the preservation of documents related to the scholar in archival institutions in Poland, Ukraine, and the Russian Federation. The purpose of this article, which builds upon the authors’ previous research, is to introduce previously unknown historical documents held in the collections of the State Archives of Odesa Region (Ukraine) into the broader scholarly discourse. These unique documents, published here for the first time, shed light on the final year of his time in Odesa, the honors he received as a distinguished scholar, and the commemoration of his memory. English translations of the 17 Russian-language documents are provided below, preceded by a list identifying each document. Of particular value are Leon Tsenkovsky’s service record, his letters, and a letter from Nobel laureate Ilya Mechnikov, who initiated Tsenkovsky’s election as an honorary member of Imperial Novorossiya University. The documents included in this publication may prove useful for new scholarly research on the history of Polish biological science.