Фахові видання

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https://dspace.pdau.edu.ua/handle/123456789/78

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Перегляд Фахові видання за Автор "Myronenko, O. I."

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  • Ескіз
    Публікація
    Association of PIT1 gene polymorphism with milk productivity and body conformation traits in dairy cattle
    ("Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems", 2025-11-10) Vashchenko, P. A.; Slynko, V. H.; Shaferivskyi, B. S.; Myronenko, O. I.; Ващенко, Павло Анатолійович; Слинько, Віктор Григорович; Шаферівський, Богдан Сергійович; Мироненко, Олена Іванівна
    Marker-assisted selection (MAS) is an effective approach to accelerating genetic progress in livestock by identifying polymorphisms associated with economically important traits. The pituitary-specific transcription factor gene PIT1 plays a regulatory role in the synthesis of growth hormone and prolactin, thus potentially influencing milk yield and body conformation in dairy cattle. This study aimed to investigate the distribution of PIT1 genotypes and their associations with productive and morphometric traits in Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy cows – a local breed with limited genetic characterization. Genotyping was performed using PCR-RFLP with restriction enzyme HinfI on DNA samples obtained from 51 cows. Three genotypes (AA, AB, BB) were identified with frequencies of 0.059, 0.549, and 0.392, respectively. The population was in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, and the Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) value (0.34) confirmed an adequate level of variability for association analysis. The frequency of allele B was twice that of allele A, suggesting moderate genetic consolidation of the herd. Cows with the PIT1 BB genotype showed a significantly higher milk yield per lactation (higher by 14.8%) and a 9.8% higher 305 day yield compared with the AB group. In contrast, genotype AB was associated with greater chest width (by 3.4%), as well as higher pelvic–thoracic and thoracic indexes, indicating a more robust body type. No significant differences were found among genotypes for milk fat content, udder morphology, milking speed, live weight, or service period duration.The obtained results demonstrate that PIT1 polymorphism affects milk yield and certain conformation indexes in Ukrainian Red-and-White cattle, primarily through mechanisms related to endocrine regulation rather than skeletal development. The presence of both alleles at moderate frequencies highlights the genetic diversity of this local breed and supports its potential use in further genomic selection programs aimed at improving milk productivity while maintaining adaptive traits.
  • Ескіз
    Публікація
    Effects of surgical and chemical castration on growth performance and meat quality of boars
    ("Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems", 2026-02-12) Polishchuk, A. A.; Shostia, A. M.; Usenko, S. O.; Ilchenko, M. O.; Kuzmenko, L. M.; Myronenko, O. I.; Vashchenko, P. A.; Поліщук, Анатолій Анатолійович; Шостя, Анатолій Михайлович; Усенко, Світлана Олексіївна; Ільченко, Марія Олександрівна; Кузьменко, Лариса Михайлівна; Мироненко, Олена Іванівна; Ващенко, Павло Анатолійович
    Growing animal welfare concerns have intensified the need for effective and humane alternatives to surgical castration for the control of boar taint in pig production. The study investigated the effects of different castration methods on growth performance, physiological status, and meat quality of boars. Surgical castration and chemical sterilization using intratesticular administration of Canophen-B were compared with intact males. Experiments were conducted on Large White boars under controlled feeding and housing conditions in accordance with animal welfare and bioethical standards. In the first experiment, chemically sterilized and intact sexually mature boars showed similar live body weight and average daily gain. Chemical sterilization resulted in a significant reduction in serum testosterone concentration, while hematological parameters remained within physiological reference ranges, indicating no adverse effects on animal health. Sensory evaluation demonstrated that meat and broth obtained from chemically sterilized boars were free of specific odor, whereas samples from intact males exhibited a characteristic odor, particularly in broth. In the second experiment, surgically castrated boars had lower final live body weight compared with chemically sterilized and intact males. Meat yield was higher and fat yield was lower in intact and chemically sterilized boars than in surgically castrated animals. Serum testosterone levels at the end of the fattening period were highest in intact males, intermediate in chemically sterilized boars, and lowest in surgically castrated animals. Hematological indicators in all groups remained within normal physiological limits. Sensory evaluation of cooked meat revealed no statistically significant differences among experimental groups for odor, color, tenderness, taste, texture, or fibrousness. However, broth prepared from chemically sterilized boars showed significantly higher scores for transparency compared with intact males, while other sensory attributes did not differ significantly. The results indicate that chemical sterilization effectively suppresses testosterone synthesis without negatively affecting growth performance, health status, or sensory quality of meat. The absence of boar taint in products obtained from chemically sterilized males suggests that this method can be considered a viable alternative to surgical castration in pig production, combining acceptable meat quality with improved animal welfare.