Міжнародні видання

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Browsing Міжнародні видання by Author "Butsenko, L."

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    Identification of phytopathogenic bacteria in maize seeds in Ukraine
    (Agriculture & Forestry, 2018) Butsenko, L.; Kalinichenko, A. V.; Pasichnyk, L.; Nepran, I.; Patyka, V. P.; Калініченко, Антоніна Володимирівна; Патика, Володимир Пилипович
    The main bacterial diseases of maize: bacterial wilt of maize (Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii), goss’s bacterial wilt (Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis), seed rot-seedling blight of maize (Bacillus subtilis), bacterial spot of maize (Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae), bacterial leaf spot of maize (Pantoea agglomerans) and bacterial stalk rot of maize caused by several causative agents, were described. The causative agents of these diseases are often stored and transmitted with seeds, so seed analysis for the presence of phytopathogenic bacteria is an important step in the pathogen control system. For analysis, the corn seeds that were grown in the Poltava and Kiev regions of Ukraine were used. Microbiological analysis of seeds was carried out by classical methods. From visually healthy corn seeds, that form shoots in the field conditions, strongly affected by root rot, were isolated the strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens. Isolated P. fluorescens strains were the reason for the damage of soft rot in the field. This type of bacteria is an opportunistic pathogen and is capable of causing soft rot of a number of crops. It has been established that P. fluorescens cause root rot of maize seedlings. From visually healthy seeds, from which healthy corn seedlings form, Pantoea agglomerans and Pantoea ananatis were isolated. P. agglomerans are widespread plant epiphyte. P. ananatis causes disease symptoms in a wide range of economically important crops and forest tree species worldwide. It is regarded as a pathogen based on the increasing number of diseases reports on previously unrecorded hosts in different parts of the world and can cause damage to maize seedlings in the field.
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    Specifics of pesticides effects on the phytopathogenic bacteria
    (Ecological chemistry and engineering S., 2016) Patyka, V. P.; Buletsa, N.; Pasichnyk, L.; Zhitkevich, N.; Kalinichenko, A. V.; Gnatiuk, T.; Butsenko, L.; Патика, Володимир Пилипович; Калініченко, Антоніна Володимирівна
    The data concerning the effects of pesticides of different nature on the phytopathogenic bacteria was examined and summarized. Without extensive research on the mechanisms of interaction between pathogenic bacteria and pesticides in the literature review a similar message about microorganisms of soil and phyllosphere are included. The bacteria can be suppressed permanently by pesticides with a mechanism of action that universally affects biological processes in living systems. Long-term storage, ease of use and fast visible effect are the advantages of synthetic pesticides remedies. But chemical pollution, shifts in the balance of ecosystems, unpredictable effects of chemical pesticides on non-target objects are the drawbacks. Stimulation of resistance response in plants is unifying factor for all types of biopesticides. This is realized through localization of the pathogen during infection, blocking its further penetration, distribution and reproduction. The results of the study of effects of plant protection products on the phytopathogenic bacteria of main crops are described. Among all tested pesticides, thiocarbamate fungicides demonstrated significant inhibitory action on phytopathogens, but their effect may be neutralized by other constituents of multicomponent preparations. Triazole fungicides affect the causative agents of bacterioses of crops at a dose of more than 1% of the active substance in the nutrient medium. Insecticides and herbicides have little or no effect on phytopathogenic bacteria; however they can enhance morphological dissociations of some Pseudomonas strains, thereby increasing their ability to survive. The disadvantage of many biopesticides against phytopathogenic microorganisms is the difference between their efficacy in vitro and in vivo that is why the desired result is not achieved in field condition. In addition, biological pesticides often lose their activity causing the problem of constant search for new active antagonists. The fact that the sensitivity of phytopathogenic bacteria to pesticides is strain-dependent should be considered in practice, particularly, assessment of the antibacterial action of various preparations should not be limited to a single bacterial strain.