Друковані видання. Кафедра рослинництва

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https://dspace.pdau.edu.ua/handle/123456789/5073

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Перегляд Друковані видання. Кафедра рослинництва за Автор "Chaika, T."

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  • Ескіз
    Публікація
    Abscisic acid and biopreparations as markers of organic soybean adaptation to hydrothermal stress
    (2025) Chaika, T.; Korotkova, I. V.; Liashenko, V. V.; Pospielova, G. D.; Onipko, V. V.; Чайка, Т.; Короткова, Ірина Валентинівна; Ляшенко, Віктор Васильович; Поспєлова, Ганна Дмитрівна; Оніпко, Валентина Володимирівна
    Given the growing demand for organic soybeans and the need to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change, the study of biopreparations of various origins and their influence on plant adaptive mechanisms under stress conditions has become increasingly relevant. This study aimed to assess changes in abscisic acid (ABA) content under the influence of biopreparations in a multi-year field experiment and to analyse the relationship between ABA and the biochemical, physiological, and agronomic indicators of soybean adaptation to hydrothermal stress under organic farming conditions. The study involved the use of biological preparations based on mycorrhizal fungi, rhizosphere and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, as well as phytohormones. A range of field, laboratory (physiological and biochemical), and statistical methods was employed. The findings revealed the integration of molecular, biochemical, physiological, and agronomic stress resistance markers as a result of the enhanced adaptive potential of soybean following the application of biopreparations. Their effectiveness was evident through a comprehensive influence on key adaptive mechanisms, including: a 9.2%-36.3% reduction in ABA concentration, indicating alleviation of stress pressure; a 10.0%-27.6% increase in relative water content, contributing to the maintenance of optimal cellular water balance; a 19.2%-65.4% improvement in stomatal conductance, attributed to the optimisation of stomatal function; a 15.6%-41.8% reduction in lipid peroxidation levels (malondialdehyde), indicating effective membrane protection against oxidative stress; a 9.1%-46.6% increase in proline content, suggesting the activation of natural defence mechanisms and the maintenance of osmotic balance. Correlation analysis confirmed that the biopreparations facilitated a complex modulation of the plant stress response, optimising the balance between defence reactions and productivity, which led to a 12.3%-45.5% increase in yield even under adverse weather conditions. It was established that under water stress, the biological preparations modulated ABA biosynthesis and its regulatory role, contributing to coordinated changes in osmoprotective mechanisms, antioxidant defence, and the plant water regime. The most effective approach proved to be the triple combination of biopreparations, which ensured an optimal balance between phytohormonal regulation, physiological processes, and soybean productivity under hydrothermal stress. The results obtained may be recommended for the cultivation of organic soybeans to improve yield under climate-related challenges.
  • Ескіз
    Публікація
    Physiological and biochemical aspects of pre-sowing treatment of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) seeds
    (2025) Chaika, T.; Короткова, Ірина Валентинівна; Korotkova, I. V.; Шевніков, Микола Янаєвич; Shevnikov, M. Ya.; Ляшенко, Віктор Васильович; Liashenko, V. V.; Горбенко, Олександр Вікторович; Gorbenko, O. V.; Horbenko, O.
    Soybean is one of the most in-demand crops, with its production increasing; however, climate change affects yield, necessitating the application of biopreparations to enhance plant resilience to stress conditions. This study aimed to investigate the effects of pre-sowing seed treatment with an inoculant and a phytohormonal preparation on the physiological and biochemical parameters of soybean plants and their yield under organic farming conditions. A field study conducted in 2022-2024 examined the impact of pre-sowing seed treatment with the inoculant Legume Fix and the phytohormonal preparation Violar on leaf area, proline content, malondialdehyde levels, photosynthetic pigments, and yield under various weather conditions in an organic farming system. It was established that pre-sowing seed treatment increased leaf area by an average of 13.4% with Legume Fix and by 19.3% with Violar. It was established that the highest increase in proline content (as a protective response) was observed in the hot conditions of 2024, with seed treatment using Violar (41.2%) and Legume Fix (26.5%). Over the study period, the lowest MDA concentrations in soybean plants were recorded following seed treatment with Violar and Legume Fix, averaging 7.57 and 9.33 µg/g fresh weight, respectively, which was 37.4% and 22.9% lower than in the control plants. Treatment with Violar resulted in an increase in Chl a, Chl b, and total Chl (a + b) content by an average of 18.9%, 13.3%, and 17.2%, respectively, compared to the control, while inoculation with Legume Fix led to increases of 7.4%, 3.4%, and 6.2%, respectively. Pre-sowing seed treatment with Legume Fix and Violar resulted in a higher yield than the control plants, with average increases of 13.2% and 20.6%, respectively. The obtained results may be recommended for organic farming to enhance crop yield.