Друковані видання. Кафедра рослинництва
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Publication Formation of grain yield in corn hybrids of different FAO groups depending on sowing dates and plant density(2024) Shakalii, S. M.; Bahan, A. V.; Yurchenko, S. O.; Marenych, M. M.; Liashenko, V. V.; Chetveryk, O. O.; Shokalo, N. S.; Zubenko, V. V.; Шакалій, Світлана Миколаївна; Баган, Алла Василівна; Юрченко, Світлана Олександрівна; Маренич, Микола Миколайович; Ляшенко, Віктор Васильович; Четверик, Оксана Олександрівна; Шокало, Наталія Сергіївна; Зубенко, В. В.Formation of productivity of any agricultural crop depends on many factors. First of all, the soil and climatic conditions of the crop growing area, varietal or hybrid composition, seed quality, sowing dates and plant density, and strict adherence to all methods of cultivation technology are important. Corn hybrids of different maturity groups differ in morphological and biological properties. Thus, obtaining the potential yield of an individual genotype is possible under favorable conditions for the growth and development of plants, including high-variety agricultural machinery and natural conditions. The maximum yield of high-quality corn grain is formed under the condition of the optimal ratio of all structural elements: weight of 1,000 grains, number of rows of grains in an ear, number of grains in a row, number of grains on one ear, length and diameter of an ear. If one structural element is insufficiently developed, the yield can be compensated by other components. Since individual elements of the structure are formed at different stages of organogenesis, different conditions are necessary for their successful development. The hybrids used in our research revealed peculiarities in the formation of elements of the crop structure, depending on the timing of sowing and stand density. The sizes of the cobs that formed on the corn plants varied little under the influence of sowing dates and plant stand density, but were characteristic of a certain biotype. Studies have shown that all factors of the experiment affect the growth, development of plants and the formation of elements of the structure of the corn grain crop. According to the results of the measurements, it was established that the best indicators of all structural elements were observed for sowing hybrids of different maturity groups in the optimal period - the third decade of April. The highest values of all indicators were observed in the Olkani hybrid, which is explained by the genotypic features of this hybrid.Item Sources of resistance to diseases of soft winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)(2021-09) Chetveryk, O. O.; Bahan, A. V. ; Yurchenko, S. O. ; Shakalii, S. M. ; Четверик, Оксана Олександрівна; Баган, Алла Василівна; Юрченко, Світлана Олександрівна; Шакалій, Світлана МиколаївнаItem Weed Control and Winter Wheat Crop Yield With the Application of Herbicides, Nitrogen Fertilizers, and Their Mixtures With Humic Growth Regulators(2021) Korotkova, I. V.; Marenych, M. M.; Hanhur, V. V.; Laslo, O. O.; Chetveryk, O. O.; Liashenko, V. V.; Короткова, Ірина Валентинівна; Маренич, Микола Миколайович; Гангур, Володимир Васильович; Ласло, Оксана Олександрівна; Четверик, Оксана Олександрівна; Ляшенко, Віктор ВасильовичThe aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy of the application of mixtures containing various combinations of humic substances, with herbicides and nitrogen fertilizers, in weed control and optimizing the plant nutrition system. We also aimed to evaluate the infuence of these substances on winter wheat productivity. Five Ukrainian winter wheat cultivars (‘Kryzhynka,’ ‘Smuhlyanka,’ ‘Slavna,’ ‘Kubus,’ and ‘Mulan’) were sown in a randomized complete block design, with three replications, in the years 2014 2019. The analysis of the effect of the compositions containing herbicides, with various physiologically active substances, in a mixture with humic preparations (Humifeld, 4R Foliar concentrate) was performed by counting weeds per square meter in each experimental plot. e best performance in weed control, including perennial species, was obtained from using a mixture of Grodil Maxi herbicide with the humic preparation, Humifeld. THe crop treatment of this mixture resulted in a 23.6% reduction in weeds, compared to the treatment with the Grodil Maxi herbicide only. At the same time, the complex application of a number of herbicides in a mixture with the humic preparation, 4R Foliar concentrate led to the opposite effect. Various applications of mixtures of humates (4R Foliar concentrate, 5R SoilBoost) with nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium nitrate; carbamide-ammonium mixture) to optimize the winter wheat nutritional system and yield increases have been studied. e highest yield increase of 20%–22% was harvested in the plots treated with 5R SoilBoost and 4R Foliar concentrate plus ammonium nitrate. In addition, the efficacy of wheat crop foliar feeding with mixtures of humates, plus a carbamide-ammonia mixture, in different phases of vegetation has been established. A yield increase of 10.0%–21.4% resulting from the use of such compositions was obtained.