Кафедра землеробства і агрохімії ім. В.І.Сазанова

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Browsing Кафедра землеробства і агрохімії ім. В.І.Сазанова by Author "Laslo, O. O."

Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
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    Geoinformation monitoring of the tourist industry potential of the territory
    (2023) Shevchuk, S. M.; Laslo, O. O.; Onipko, V. V.; Шевчук, Сергій Миколайович; Ласло, Оксана Олександрівна; Оніпко, Валентина Володимирівна
    In the conditions of the digital economy, data exchange in the tourism information support system takes place mainly in real time. GIS, gradually replacing traditional tools, allows you to represent the process of tourist service in the form of interactive digital services. The application of GIS in the tourism and hospitality industry is of particular importance for travel planning, online booking, determining the location and recreational potential of destinations, support systems and decision-making.
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    Impact of organic cultivation technology of fiber hemp (Cannabis Sativa L.) on soil agrochemical and bioecological properties
    (2023) Pylypchenko, A. V.; Marenych, M. M.; Hanhur, V. V.; Semenov, A. O.; Korotkova, I. V.; Rozhkov, A. O.; Karpuk, L. M.; Laslo, O. O.; Marinich, L. H.; Ponomarenko, S.; Пилипченко, Андрій Васильович; Маренич, Микола Миколайович; Гангур, Володимир Васильович; Семенов, Анатолій Олексійович; Короткова, Ірина Валентинівна; Рожков, А. О.; Ласло, Оксана Олександрівна; Марініч, Любов Григорівна
    Research into the correlations among components of soil biota is of significant importance for effective management of agroecosystems in organic agricultural production. Organic cultivation technologies contribute to increased nitrogen and phosphorus content in the soil, while reducing levels of P2O5 and K2O compared to inorganic methods. The influence of organic residue decomposers on macroelement composition in the soil has been examined, revealing a minimal impact on their levels. Organic technologies promote an augmentation of microorganisms, although there is a potential risk of heightened disease pathogens. It has been observed that under organic cultivation conditions, there is more intense tissue degradation, potentially attributed to higher microorganism activity. Transitional cultivation methods yield lower rates of degradation in comparison to organic techniques. The impact of organic technologies on the quantity of earthworms, nematodes, and springtails in the soil has been investigated. Organic practices have shown to increase their population, creating a favorable environment for soil biological indicators. Particular attention is given to correlation relationships between microorganisms responsible for nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation and the fungal component. High correlation values (r = 0.72–0.89) underscore the significance of comprehending these associations when employing organic cultivation methods. The study of correlations among soil biota components in organic production presents a promising task for the effective utilization of resources and the assurance of sustainable agroecosystem development.
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    System of protection of winter wheat sowing from segetal and ruderal vegetation
    (2024) Laslo, O. O.; Onipko, V. V.; Hordieieva, O. F.; Ласло, Оксана Олександрівна; Оніпко, Валентина Володимирівна; Гордєєва, Олена Федорівна
    The paper examines the question of comparing the effectiveness of the use of autumn and spring application of herbicides in the cultivation of winter wheat. The work confirms the research of scientists on the issue of applying herbicides in the autumn period, which affects their effectiveness, since the dependence on temperature and conditions decreases, and the moisture reserve in the soil affects the effectiveness of pesticides. During the research, it was established that in the autumn after sowing winter wheat, favorable conditions for the development of seedlings and segetal vegetation are created, the effectiveness of early spring feeding of winter wheat with nitrogen fertilizers decreases, since most of them are used by weeds, due to which they become more resistant to herbicides. Research has established that the use of herbicides in the fall helps to increase the yield of wheat by 30 % compared to the early spring application, which indicates the perspective of the application of drugs in the fall. The use of herbicides to protect winter wheat crops from weeds in different periods affected the number of productive stalks, so in the experimental variants their number increased by 22 pieces/m2 compared to the control, which determined the increase in productivity and yield increase, so in the variants with the use of Prima Forte resulted in an increase in yield of 9.1 t/ha, while the option with a mixture of herbicides Logran 75 WG+Pik – 8.6 t/ha. Greater effectiveness of chemical protection is noted for the autumn application of herbicides, however, we recommend combining the protection system, since the weather conditions of the research years can contribute to the effectiveness of spring herbicide protection. We recommend taking into account the agro-climatic conditions of the year when growing crops in order to adjust the protection system against segetal and ruderal vegetation
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    The effects of seeding rate and row spacing on the photosynthetic activity of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)
    (2021) Mikheieva, O.; Klymenko, I.; Mikheiev, V.; Golovan, L.; Dychenko, O. Yu.; Stankevych, S.; Chechui, H.; Chupryn, Y.; Laslo, O. O.; Nahorna, S. V.; Диченко, Оксана Юріївна; Ласло, Оксана Олександрівна; Нагорна, Світлана Вікторівна
    With an advent of early-maturing soybean varieties that have weaker ability to branch, there is a need to study the increase in seeding rates with different combinations of row spacing, in order to determine the effects of narrowing the area of plant nutrition on photosynthetic plant activity. This is the purpose of our research. The multifactorial experiment was performed by splitting sites in four replications. The research has demonstrated that the Baika variety sown with a row spacing of 15 cm and a seeding rate of 1.2 million pcs./ha - 40.5 ths. m2/ha was close to the optimal leaf surface. The Annushka soybean plants were inferior to variety Baika in this regard, with the difference up to 6.0 ths. m2/ha, due to differences in the leaf structure of the soybean varieties. The weather conditions have been found to play the dominant role; namely, a strong direct correlation was found between the amount of precipitation and the photosynthetic productivity of plants. For the Annushka variety, it was in the range of r = 0.714… 0.843, and for the Baika variety, r = 0.899… 0.947. Thus, using different combinations of seed sowing rate and row spacing, it is possible to adjust the photosynthetic productivity of soybean plants and, as a result, to provide better conditions for their development and higher yields.
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    Weed Control and Winter Wheat Crop Yield With the Application of Herbicides, Nitrogen Fertilizers, and Their Mixtures With Humic Growth Regulators
    (2021) Korotkova, I. V.; Marenych, M. M.; Hanhur, V. V.; Laslo, O. O.; Chetveryk, O. O.; Liashenko, V. V.; Короткова, Ірина Валентинівна; Маренич, Микола Миколайович; Гангур, Володимир Васильович; Ласло, Оксана Олександрівна; Четверик, Оксана Олександрівна; Ляшенко, Віктор Васильович
    The aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy of the application of mixtures containing various combinations of humic substances, with herbicides and nitrogen fertilizers, in weed control and optimizing the plant nutrition system. We also aimed to evaluate the infuence of these substances on winter wheat productivity. Five Ukrainian winter wheat cultivars (‘Kryzhynka,’ ‘Smuhlyanka,’ ‘Slavna,’ ‘Kubus,’ and ‘Mulan’) were sown in a randomized complete block design, with three replications, in the years 2014 2019. The analysis of the effect of the compositions containing herbicides, with various physiologically active substances, in a mixture with humic preparations (Humifeld, 4R Foliar concentrate) was performed by counting weeds per square meter in each experimental plot. e best performance in weed control, including perennial species, was obtained from using a mixture of Grodil Maxi herbicide with the humic preparation, Humifeld. THe crop treatment of this mixture resulted in a 23.6% reduction in weeds, compared to the treatment with the Grodil Maxi herbicide only. At the same time, the complex application of a number of herbicides in a mixture with the humic preparation, 4R Foliar concentrate led to the opposite effect. Various applications of mixtures of humates (4R Foliar concentrate, 5R SoilBoost) with nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium nitrate; carbamide-ammonium mixture) to optimize the winter wheat nutritional system and yield increases have been studied. e highest yield increase of 20%–22% was harvested in the plots treated with 5R SoilBoost and 4R Foliar concentrate plus ammonium nitrate. In addition, the efficacy of wheat crop foliar feeding with mixtures of humates, plus a carbamide-ammonia mixture, in different phases of vegetation has been established. A yield increase of 10.0%–21.4% resulting from the use of such compositions was obtained.